Special attention may be paid to large values of prior period items, transaction reversals, write-off of inventories or receivables, large provisions for obsolescence of inventory etc. High level of trading transactions in case of non — trading entities is also a potential Red Flag. Claims, if any, admitted on the basis of cash transactions would also merit review from an Avoidance perspective. The non-existence of an office of the CD at such an address is also a Red Flag. Presence of name-sake directors may be a Red Flag.

The IP should also pay attention to frequent changes of Auditors.

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Although this aspect is a qualitative assessment, the IP should also consider if the scale of the Audit firm engaged is commensurate with the size of the business operations and the credit exposures of CD. The independence of the Auditor should also be considered with regard to various provisions under the Companies Act, The IP may also conduct discussion with the Auditors to assess the need for an Avoidance review. Group and Connected Entities. Such data is available on the MCA website and may be summarised by the IP for all present and past directors of the entity and the various entities they were connected to.

This may be summarised to examine the quantum of such transactions and high values of such transactions is a Red Flag. This information may be corroborated with the books and records and bank statements of the CD. Earlier Forensic Reports. IP may consider the impact of such information as to whether the same constitutes a Red Flag. Inquiries may be made with the recipients of such reports viz.

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Circumstances such as these should be considered as Red Flags and impact of such reports on the Avoidance Review process should be duly recognised. Other Aspects. Significant Bank Guarantees BGs invocations and consequent financial creditor claims are a Red Flag and the IP must review the underlying transactions and genuineness of the same as it is a significant Red Flag.

The amount of legal and professional fees paid by the entity in the past few years may also be reviewed as a Red Flag indicator to determine possible Avoidance Transaction. This chapter covers various red flags as given below, which are associated with Maintenance of Books and Records, aspects connected to Accounting Systems and Internal Control framework of the Company. IP may consider explore alternate procedures to enable identification of Avoidance transactions such as considering a review based on bank statements for which the lenders of CD may directly be approached to obtain such information.

The IP should examine the veracity of such circumstances with reference to Board minutes, AGM minutes, Income Tax filings, subsequent financial statements etc. Controls must exist to prevent ante-dating of transactions. Non- existence of such controls and absence of audit logs is a Red Flag.

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The IP should also understand the Internal Controls framework which have been put in place by the management of the entity to prevent and detect frauds and errors. This chapter covers various red flags as given below, which are identifiable based on the status of various regulatory compliances to be made by the CD under various statutes and litigations involving the CD. Some illustrations of major Regulatory Compliances are as under The IP should determine if such Audit was carried out and make enquiries with such Auditor to review the need for an Avoidance Review. If such Audits have not been carried out, the same is a Red Flag.

Qualifications in Secretarial Audit Reports are Red Flags and all such qualifications should be properly identified.

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Where Secretarial Audits are not mandated, particular emphasis may also be placed on processes adopted by the entity, in the past, to ensure Board of Directors and Shareholder approvals for certain categories of transactions as may be mandated by the Companies Act, Illustrations of such transactions would include Loans and Advances, Investments etc.

The non-conduct of such mandatory audit is a Red Flag. Where such audit has been conducted, adverse findings, if any, needs to be reviewed in the context of possible Avoidance transaction. The non-conduct of such audit is a Red Flag. Such non conduct of audit as required under other statues is a potential Red Flag.

If such audits were conducted and reports are available, adverse findings, if any, need to be addressed as considered appropriate in the facts and circumstances of the particular case. In this regard, the IP may call for all such information as well information on all payments to legal counsels and other professionals to identify such instances.

The IP may also obtain information in this regard from Public Domain to the extent possible. These should be corroborated with claims admitted on the basis of such awards. Related party litigations and arbitral awards, if any also need to be The IP must obtain details of all Arbitration proceedings by or against the CD before various such Sole Arbitrators or panels. In such cases, all the applications filed before such Tribunals and facts placed should be such forums should be reviewed. Non filing of such statements is a Red Flag.

The Annual Financial Statements present a view of the financial position and affairs of the CD and the Reporting framework ensures that the Financial position, profit or loss and other material qualitative and quantitative information is properly disclosed and presented by the management of the entity and opined on by the Auditors. Non preparation and audit of the same is a Red Flag that needs to be duly considered by the IP.

Non-preparation of such statements or non-audit of the books of such entities may also be a Red The IP may also examine and compare the scale of the Standalone Financials vis a vis the Consolidated Financials of CD for potential Red Flags. Adverse remarks, if any, in such communication may also be recognised. Qualifications should be quantified.

Absence of quantification of such qualifications may be a significant issue that needs to be looked-into. If the Auditors Reports contain same qualifications across the various years, they merit extra attention of the IP. Some illustrations of qualifications are as under High value Inventory not verified by the Auditor but certified by the management, and that too for many consecutive years is a Red Flag.

Auditors comments on non-recoverability of advances is a Red Flag. Confirmation of balances not obtainable by the auditors for Receivables, payables and loans and advances although they are material sums is a Red Flag. Invocation of guarantees by bankers and entire amounts considered as receivables by the CD is a Red Flag. Customer payments directly to vendors with clients by unauthorised tripartite agreements is a Red Flag.

Interest free transactions undertaken by the CD, is a Red Flag. Any reports on fictitious transactions or transactions reflected as mere book entries as reported by the Auditors is a Red Flag. High value of disputed and undisputed statutory dues of the CD is a Red Flag. This chapter covers various red flags as given below, which are associated with Financial Statements and Board Report of CD Chapter Classification and Reporting of Frauds.

The presence of one or more such EWS may indicate suspicion of fraudulent activity in a loan account and put the bank on alert regarding a weakness or wrong doing which may ultimately turn out to be fraudulent. Some of these may have already been considered in the above paragraphs of this note.

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If you do not allow these cookies you may not be able to use or see these sharing tools. Find out more about www. Where these directions apply the 'standstill', firms have the choice between complying with the pre-IP completion day rules, or the post-IP completion day rules. Where an MCD regulated mortgage contract relates to a foreign currency loan , at the time the MCD regulated mortgage contract is entered into the MCD mortgage lender must ensure:. Shares Not Split-Adjusted Basic weighted average shares not split-adjusted.

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Shares Weighted average basic shares oustanding as reported on the income statment, adjusted for stock splits. Diluted Weighted Avg. Shares Not Split-Adjusted Diluted weighted average shares not split-adjusted. Weighted Average Diluted Shares Outstanding Split Adjusted Weighted average diluted shares oustanding as reported on the income statment, adjusted for stock splits. Source of the data if available. Inherited from time-series common. The date field of the time series as epoch timestamp. The time data was last updated as epoch timestamp. In accounting, revenue is the income that a business has from its normal business activities, usually from the sale of goods and services to customers.

Gross profit is the profit a company makes after deducting the costs associated with making and selling its products, or the costs associated with providing its services. Calculated as the sum of gross income the difference between sales or revenues and cost of goods sold and depreciation and cost of goods sold for the period.

Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization from the most recent quarterly financial report.

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Beta is a measure used in fundamental analysis to determine the volatility of an asset or portfolio in relation to the overall market. Levered beta calculated with 1 year historical data and compared to SPY. Allows you to specify annual or quarterly balance sheet. Defaults to quarter.

Values should be annual or quarter. Specify the number of quarters or years to return. One quarter is returned by default.